1. Control measures for Paddy stem borer
• Release of the egg parasitoid, Trichogramma japonicum thrice (at weekly interval from 37 DAT) @ 40000/ac each release (when moth activity is noticed)
• Spray Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki @ 600gm/ha
• Spray any one of the following insecticides:
Carbosulfan 25% EC 300-400 ml Cartap hydrochloride 50 SP400g/ac
2. Management of Paddy leaf folder
• Release Trichogramma chilonis thrice (at weekly interval from 30 DAT) @ 40000/ac each (when moth activity is noticed)
• Spray Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki 600 gm/ha
• Apply Beauveria bassiana 1.15 WP 1.0kg/ha
• Spray any one of the following insecticides per ac:
Acephate 75 % SP 275-400gm Azadirachtin 0.03% 400 ml Chlorpyriphos 20% EC 500 ml Cartaphydrochloride 50 % SP 400 g Fipronil 80%WG 20-30 g Flubendiamide 20% WG 50-100 g
3. Management of Blast disease in Paddy
• Use only disease free seedlings
• Avoid excess nitrogen
• Apply Nitrogen in three split doses (50% as basal, 25% at tillering phase and 25% at panicle initiation stage
• Use resistant varieties like CO 47, CO 52 and TNAU rice hybrid CO 4 and moderately resistant varieties like CO 50 and CO 51
• Treat the seeds with Pseudomonas fluorescens liquid formulation @ 10 ml/kg of seeds
• Seedling root dipping with P. fluorescens liquid formulation @ 200 ml for one acre
• Soil application with P. fluorescens liquid formulation @ 200 ml/ac
• Foliar spray with P. fluorescens liquid formulation @ 5 ml/l
• Spray carbendazim 50WP @ 200g/ac or tricyclozole 75 WP @ 200g/ac or metominostrobin 20 SC @ 200 ml/hac or Azoxystrobin 25 SC @ 200 ml/ac after observing initial infection of the disease
4. Management of Lakshmi disease (Grain discolouration) in Paddy
• Spray carbendazim + thiram + mancozeb (1:1:1) @ 0.2% at 50% flowering stage.
5. Control measures for Maize Fall Army worm
• Summer ploughing
• Seed treatment with Thiamethoxam40FS) @ 5 ml/Kg
• Border crop with grain sorghum as trap crop (advance sowing) & cowpea intercrop
• Collection and destruction of Egg masses
• Installation of S. frugiperda pheromone traps @ 4 no’s/ac
• spray Azadirachtin 10000 ppm at 10 to 15 DAS
• Spray EPN or Bt @ 2g/lt at 15 – 21 DAS
• Spray of Insecticide Emamectin Benzoate 5SG @ 0.4g/lt or Spinosad 480SC @ 0.5 ml/lt at 21 -28 DAS and Flubendiamide 480SC @ 0.3 ml/lt or Chlorontriliniprole 18.5SC @ 0.3ml/lt or Spinetoram 11.7 SC @ 0.3 ml/lt at 36-42 DAS
• Spray of Metarhizium anisopliae (1×107)@ 2ml/lt at 30-35 DAS
• Poison baiting with Thiodicarb 75WP@ 2g/lt at 45 -65 DAS
6. Management of Pod borers in Pulses
• Raise one row of sunflower as intercrop for every 9 rows of pigeon pea and plant maize as border crop.
• Install Pheromone traps for Helicoverpa armigera 5/ac
• Install Bird perches@ 20/ac
• Mechanical collection of grown up larva and blister beetle
• Spray Ha NPV 3 x1012 POB/ha in 0.1% teepol
• Spray Bacillus thuringiensis var kurstaki 5%WP 400-500 g/ha
• Spray Chlorpyriphos 20 EC 1250 ml / ha
7. How to control Powdery mildew in Pulse crops
• Spray NSKE 5% or neem oil 3% twice at 10 days interval from initial disease symptom appearance
• Spray carbendazim @ 200 g or wettable sulphur 600 g/ac or propiconazole 200 ml/ac
8. How to manage Yellow mosaic and leaf crinkle disease in pulse crops
• Growing resistant varieties
• Seed treatment with imidacloprid 600FS @ 5 ml/kg of seeds
• Installation of yellow sticky traps @ 5 numbers / ac
• Rogue out the virus infected plants up to 45 days
• Spray methyl demeton 25 EC 200 ml/ha or dimethoate 30 EC 200 ml/ac
9. Management of stemrot in Groundnut
• For the management of Grundnut stem rot tebuconazole (ST) @ 1.5 g/kg + soil application of P. fluorescens @ 2.5kg enriched in 50 kg FYM/ha will be effective.
10. Management of Coconut rhinocerous beetle
• Collect and destroy various bio-stages of the rhinoceros beetle from the manure pits (breeding ground of the pest). Apply 2 per cent carbaryl solution or Metrahizium anisopliea @ 5 x 1011 spores/m3 in the manure pits to kill young grubs.
• Soak castor cake at 1 kg in 5 lit of water in small mud pots and keep them in the coconut gardens to attract and kill the adults.
• Apply naphthalene balls 10g /palm with 100g sand at the base in leaf axile of thecrown once in 45 days
11. How to manage Rugose spiralling whitefly in Coconut
• Yellow sticky traps to monitor the adult movement
• Release of Chrysopa zastrowi silemmi Predator at 15 days interval
• Release of Encarsia guadeloupae parasitoid
• Foliar application of Isaria fumosorosea (1×109 spores/ml)
• Intermittent water spray
• Spraying neem based formulations(Azadirachitin 1% @ 2 ml/lt ) along with wetting agent or detergent powder @ 10gms/lt at 20 days interval
• Spraying of 1% starch solution for sooty mould
• Avoid spraying of chemical insecticides
12. How to control rootrot in Cotton
• Soil application of neem cake @ 150 kg/ha
• Seed treatment with P. fluorescens + B. subtilis + T.asperellum mixture @ 10g/kg and soil application of P. fluorescens + B. subtilis + T. asperellum mixture @ 2.5 kg/ha with 250 kg of compost during sowing and at 90 days after sowing
• Spot drench with carbendazim @ 1 g/l or trifloxystrobin + tebuconazole @ 0.75g/l . at the base of affected plants as well as surrounding healthy plants
13. Control measures for Mango inflorescence hoppers
• Remove criss-cross branches, infested shoots and dense branches.
• Apply Metarhizium anisopliae or Beauveria bassiana @ 108 cfu /ml on tree trunk once during off season and twice at 7 days interval during flowering season.
• Spray Buprofezin 25SC first at the time of inflorescence emergence and the second two weeks after first spray.
14. Management practices of panama wilt of banana
• Uproot and destroy severely affected plants
• Apply lime at 1 – 2 kg in the pits after removal of the affected plants
• Corm injection: Remove a small portion of soil to expose the upper portion of the corm. Make an oblique hole at 45° angle to a depth of 10 cm. Immediately insert a gelatin capsule containing 60 mg of carbendazim or of 50 mg of Pseudomona fluorescens or inject 3 ml of 2 % carbendazim solution into the hole with the help of‘corm injector’ on 2nd, 4th and 6th months after planting
• Apply press mud at 5 kg per tree to reduce the wilt incidence or apply Pseudomonasfluorescens @ 4 l/ha at 2nd, 4th and 6th months after planting through drip system to manage panama wilt and nematode complex.
15. How to control canker disease in citrus
• Immediately after pruning one spray with copper oxychloride @ 0.3% followed by 4 sprayings with streptocyclin @ 100 ppm + copper oxychloride @ 0.3% at monthly intervals
16. Management of guava nematode problem in guava
• Removal and destruction of affected trees
• Inter cropping with mustard and incorporating in soil
• Soil application of Neem cake @ 250g /tree
• Ist month,8th month and 12th month – Soil drenching with Paecillomyces lilacinus @ 50g combined with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens @ 50g/plant at four months interval along with 5 Kg of well decomposed FYM..
• 4th month – Soil drenching with Trifloxystrobin + Tebuconazole (Nativo) @ 1g/litre. Each tree should be drenched with three liters of water
17. Management practices for shoot and fruit borer in brinjal
• Removal and destruction of affected shoots and fruits
• Pheromone trap@1 for 400 sq.m.
• Weekly release of 50,000 to60,000 Trichogramma chilonis.
• Sprays of Bt @1ml / L at 10 days interval at peak flowering
• Spray Neem Seed Kernel Extract 5 % or Thiodicarb 75 % WP starting from one month after planting at 15 days interval
18. Pest and disease management in onion
• Onion bulb treatment with P. fluorescens 5 g/kg and T. viride 5 g/kg in 20 ml of water/kg of seed bulbs before planting.
• Application of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus12.5 kg/ha and Neem cake 250 kg/ha
• Growing maize as a barrier crop
• Yellow sticky traps (polyethylene film of 30 cm height and 90 cm length smeared with clear castor oil) @12/ha.
• Foliar spray of P. fluorescens 5 g/lit and Beauveria bassiana 10 g/lit on 30th DAP
• Spray application of Profenophos 50 EC 2 ml/liter and Tebuconazole 25 EC (1.5 ml/liter)
19. Nematode wilt complex management in tube rose
• Bulb treatment with P. fluorescens & T. viride each @ 10g/Kg
• T.harzianum or T. viride + P. fluorescens + Paecilomyces lilacinus each @ 2 Kg / tonne of FYM for enrichment & applied before planting
• For standing crop biopesticides enriched neem cake 100kg/ac – Once in three months
20. How to control fruitflies in bitter gourd
• Soil application of Neem cake
• Installation of Cue-lure traps to attract fruit fly males.
• Use fruit fly poison bait – 500 gm jaggery, 20 ml Malathion (100ml/plastic container) @ 5 nos/acre for monitoring and 20/acre for mass killing of fruit fly.